GMAT语法中比较难掌握的知识点之独立主格

2022-05-21 10:15:02

  独立主格是我们复习GMAT考试语法常见的知识点,独立主格是GMAT语法中比较难掌握的一个知识点。考生们复习的时候不仅要知道独立主格是什么,GMAT入门的同学更要去了解它的详细内容,下面是小编的分析:

  独立主格,首先它是一个“格”,而不是一个“句子”,在英语中任何一个句子都要有主谓结构,而在这个结构中,没有真正的主语和谓语动词,但又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系。

  “独立主格结构”在GMAT语法句中的功能就相当于一个带有自己主语的状语从句。众所周知非限制性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而 依附于主句。而有些非限制性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正 的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。有时还可以做定语 。

  如何判断GMAT考试是否需要使用独立主格呢?

  独立主格里的N与主语的主语一定是不一样的,但有一定的联系。

  eg:220. (27530-!-item-!-188;#058&002469) (GWD-24-8)

  The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell over the last two years.

  A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell

  B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen

  C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling

  D. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after falling

  E. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after having fallen

  GMAT入门根据以上原则,可以快速地排除DE选项。

  独立主格的一般形式:

  N+非谓语动词 (注意,这里的N和主语的主语是不一样的)

  N+(being)+adj/adv/介词短语

  N+N

  eg. He put on his socks,wrong side out.

  Our teacher came into the room,book in hand.

  Lunch over,he left the house.But he was thinking.

  He fought the wolf,a stick his only weapon

  那么如何选择合适的动词形式呢?

  在独立主格结构中,主格词与分词形成逻辑主谓关系时,用现在分词。如:Winter coming ,it gets colder and colder.一句中,“春天”和“到来”是逻辑主谓关系,用现在分词;主格词与分词形成逻辑动宾关系 时,用过去分词。如:More money given,we should have sent more employees to the mother company to get trained.一句中,“money”和“give”是动宾关系(被动关系),用过去分词。

  且这里有个特殊情况,在强调独立主格里的动作发生在主语动作之前时,使用having- done结构

  eg: The snow having stopped,she went out to sweep the snow in the yard.

  以上就是小编总结的GMAT考试语法中的独立主格结构,我们复习GMAT语法的时候要尤其的关注一下这些独立主格结构。GMAT入门的考生我们要积极的掌握这些常识,祝大家复习顺利。

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