Task3阅读的体裁分为两种：校园计划公告(plan/announcement), 或学生提议信件(proposal/letter)。不论是哪种体裁，定位关键词的方法都一样，即关注标题中或文章前两句中的实意动词。 动词的意义可以归纳为三大类：废、立、改。
【废】
即废除、缩短、减少、关闭…等。
出现频率较高的”废除类”动词有：close, eliminate, discontinue, cancel, remove, shut down, reduce, shorten, decrease….
需要注意的是：还有一类特殊的”不再”类：no more / no longer
做笔记的时候，该类动词可简化为：“-”或“x”
【立】
即设立、增加、延长、开放…等。
出现频率较高的”增加类”动词有：add, provide, offer, start, begin, improve, increase, purchase, acquire, run, build, set up…
做笔记的时候，该类动词可简化为：“+”
【改】
即改变、改进、装修、取代…等。
出现频率较高的”改变类”动词及相匹配的介词，有： change…to…, transform…into, switch… to…, move…to…, replace … with …, exchange … for …, substitute… with…
做笔记的时候，该类动词所有可简化为：“→”
TPO具体举例说明：
1. 看标题关键词:
如TPO 24，标题为：Close the Campus Coffee House.
如TPO 27，标题为：Switch to Electronic Textbooks.
2. 看文章开头前两句：
如TPO 29, 第二句话：I think the university should remove these bikes from the racks….
如TPO 41，第二句话：The university has decided to provide these commuter students with a special lounge…*
* 文中的decide, plan, consider, think为题干动词，与主旨无关，故无需记录。
校园公告的主题可使用： Something will be done的句型。
举例说明：
TPO 27: Switch to Electronic Textbooks
The university will begin switching from traditional-bound textbooks to electronic textbooks early next year. University students will be able to download the content of their required textbooks to a reading device and read the material directly from the device’s screen. While the cost of the device is around $200, it is a one-time expense. Considering the rising cost of textbooks, students will save money in the long run since purchasing electronic books for their classes is much less expensive than buying regular textbooks
原文中的划线部分信息可以套用公告类模板，转而复述成：Traditional-bound textbooks will be switched to electronic textbooks by the university early next year.
学生信件的主题可使用： A student suggests that something should be done by the university 的模板。
举例说明：
TPO 24: Close the Campus Coffee house
I propose that the university close the campus coffeehouse. Coffeehouses are great, if people actually use them, like to socialize with friends, while enjoying a cup of coffee and a snack. But students are not using our campus coffeehouse. There are usually lots of empty tables when I pass by the place.
原文中的划线部分信息可以套用信件类模板，转而复述成：A student suggests that the campus coffeehouse should be closed by the university.
另外，考生还需关注通知或信件中的两个分论点。一般情况下我们会看到校方或学生给出的两个理由(或目的 / 好处)，这类短文结构很工整，大家在短文中圈出also, besides, plus, and, in addition, additionally等词，就可以对其一前一后两个理由进行定位，比如：可以特别留意to之后的动词 (want to…; in order to…; aim to…;alow…to…等)，情态动词can之后的动词等。在总结时，这类情况我们直接用because引出两个理由或好处即可。
TPO 13: New Stadium
A university official announced plans to spend $2 million to build a new stadium, commenting that a new stadium would help the university achieve its goal of attracting more top students. The official also said that, additionally, building a new stadium would allow the university to strengthen its relationship with the town since a new and larger stadium would have the space to seat not only students, parents, and alumni, but members of the local community as well.
参考答案：A new stadium will be established by the university, because the university wants to attract more top students and strengthen its relationship with the town.
然而在TPO和近期真题里也曾出现一个理由 + 一个附加条件的情况：
TPO 5: Campus Dining Club Announced
Starting this year, the university dining hall will be transformed into The Campus Dining Club for one week at the end of each semester. During the last week of each semester, the dining hall will feature special meals prepared by the university’s culinary arts students. The school feels that this will give students who are studying cooking and food preparation valuable experience that will help them later, when they pursue careers. The university has announced that it will charge a small additional fee for these dinners in order to pay for the special gourmet food ingredients that will be required.
此处下划线部分即为附加条件，在总结这类信息时可以用转折词but引出。
通过掌握以上方法，考生可以迅速理清第三题的主要内容，搭配缩写、符号等方法做好笔记，可适当对实意动词进行替换，并把信息转换为被动语态复述出来。这样就体现了词汇和语态运用的多样化，满足托福口语评分Language Use的要求。
在归纳两个分论点时一定要简明扼要、一带而过，做到15秒内概括完阅读部分的信息，这样才能为总结听力部分的主角态度和理由留出足够时间。
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