MetAPhor is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. 从这个定义中，我们要注意到暗喻的对比是暗指的，没有明显陈述出来，也就是没有like 或者as 这样的比喻词。
有一个经典的暗喻：The world is a stage.
以下为英语MetAPhor的4种常见的运用格式：
★名词型
最常见的句式是“甲是乙”，喻体一般体现在句子的表语部分。
Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.
金钱是无底的海洋，荣誉、良心和真理都可以淹没在其中。
★动词型
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested 。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
★形容词型
He has a photogrAPhic memory.
他有照相机般的记忆力。
★-of短语型
它的结构是a/the+N1+of+N2
the bridge of friendship / the valley of despair.
a flower of a girl, a fox of a man
以上就是4种常见的暗喻形式。
下面考大家一下。在新SAT官网样题Let there be dark 这篇文章中，首段就出现了一个暗喻，各位找找看它在哪里呢?
At my family’s cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disAPpeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rAPidly losing night’s natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days’ gradual movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.
这一段回忆了作者小时候在明尼苏达湖边的经历。对啦，就是第2句的smoky 和sugary, 形容词型的暗喻。 我仍然记得彗星留下烟状的踪迹，穿过糖状散落的星星。那么作者在文中使用暗喻的作用是什么呢?它的目的是鼓励读者对比不相似，进而找到相似。或者是用读者相似的东西去描述不熟悉的东西，以引起读者的兴趣。也就是说读者本来是不知道作者看到的星空是什么样子的，但是通过暗喻使得读者能想象出星星就像糖一样散落在夜空中。MetAPhors are used to encourage the reader to draw a comparison between two seemingly unrelated things, and find similarities between them. It can draw the readers’ interest and lead them into the passage. 暗喻在目前官网公布的练习题篇目里面也是反复出现的，我们在课上会有相应的句型来描述和评价暗喻。
相关推荐:
