2014年1月25日美西地区
Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.
There are two false assumptions about experts. One is that they see more clearly and think more intelligently than ordinary citizens. Sometimes they do, sometimes not. The other false assumption is that these experts have the same interests as the ordinary citizens and hold the same values. In fact, the important decisions of society are within the capability of ordinary citizens. Not only can ordinary people make their own decisions without the help of experts, but they ought to.
Should people make more decisions on their own and rely less on the advice of experts? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.
1. 题目翻译
人们对于专家有两个错误的假设。其一是专家比普通人看事物更清楚、思考问题更明智。有时是这样，有时并非如此。另一个错误假设是，专家的兴趣和价值观和普通人一样。实际上，社会上的重要决定是以普通人的能力就可以做的。普通人不仅可以不依靠专家的帮助来做决定，他们也应该自己做决定。
人们应该减少对专家建议的依赖，自己做决定吗?
2. 审题关键词
experts, ordinary people/citizens, make decisions
3. 论证分析-各段核心提纲
正：专家的观点很多是经过科学的观察，论证得出来的，普通人并不具备相应的理论知识和配套的科学仪器，我们应该相信专家们得出的结论。举例：我国地震专家通过科学的方法，成功预测1975年辽宁海城大地震，政府听取了专家的建议，采取了应急防震措施，极大的减少了人员的伤亡和财产损失。
反：引出相反观点：有的专家为了自己的利益故意说错误的建议，或有人假装专家，欺骗民众。举例：，后被发现学历造假，高价出售毫无治疗效果的保健品，并导致患者死亡。
补：认为专家的话都是错的或者专家的建议都是对的的观点都是片面的。盲目接受专家观点或者一味地抵触专家的建议都会带来可怕的后果。必须在专家的建议上加入自己的理性思考，才能做出真正正确的决定。
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(编辑：Kitty)
