111. The stated goal of the government’s funding program for the arts is to encourage the creation of works of artistic excellence. Senator Beton claims, however, that a government-funded artwork can never reflect the independent artistic conscience of the artist because artists, like anyone else who accepts financial support, will inevitably try to please those who control the distribution of that support. Senator Beton concludes that government funding of the arts not only is a burden on taxpayers but also cannot lead to the creation of works of true artistic excellence.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which Senator Beton’s argument is based?
A. Most taxpayers have little or no interest in the creation of works of true artistic excellence.
B. Government funding of the arts is more generous than other financial support most artists receive.
C. Distribution of government funds for the arts is based on a broad agreement as to what constitutes artistic excellence.
D. Once an artist has produced works of true artistic excellence, he or she will never accept government funding.
E. A contemporary work of art that does not reflect the independent artistic conscience of the artist cannot be a work of true artistic excellence.
答案：E
思路：本文关键是要把never reflect the independent artistic conscience of the artist和cannot lead to the creation of works of true artistic excellence联系起来，找出本质联系，只要存在关系independent artistic conscience of the artist包含true artistic excellence就可以证明文中的观点，因此要找出能表示此关系的答案。
A. 与题无关。
B. 无关。
C. 无关。
D. 易混淆，文中没有提到。
E. 符合要求，注意如果答案意思是the independent artistic conscience of the artist是true artistic excellence的必要条件即可，当然是充要条件也可，万一题目变化答案我们只要把握这个原则即可。
112. Older United States automobiles have been identified as contributing disproportionately to global air pollution. The requirement in many jurisdictions that automobiles pass emission-control inspections has had the effect of taking many such automobiles out of service in the United States, as they fail inspection and their owners opt to buy newer automobiles. Thus the burden of pollution such older United States automobiles contribute to the global atmosphere will be gradually reduced over the next decade.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. It is impossible to separate the air of one country or jurisdiction from that of others, since air currents circle the globe.
B. When automobiles that are now new become older, they will, because of a design change, cause less air pollution than older automobiles do now.
C. There is a thriving market for used older Untied States automobiles that are exported to regions that have no emission-control regulations.
D. The number of jurisdictions in the United States requiring automobiles to pass emission-control inspections is no longer increasing.
E. Even if all the older automobiles in the United States were retired from service, air pollution from United States automobiles could still increase if the total number of automobiles in use should increase significantly.
The passage draws the conclusion that the share of pollution of such older US automobiles will be gradually reduced over the next 10 years. The simple reason provided is that these cars will be eliminated from the roads in the US. However, by pointing out that these cars will be used in other countries through a market exporting them to other regions, Choice C disproves the righteousness of the argument.
A, even if we cannot separate the air, it is still easy to calculate the quantity of pollution before emitting the pollution. A cannot weaken the conclusion.
B, the passage is talking about THAT part of pollution from old cars. B does not bear on the topic.
D, even if the number is not increasing, the old cars in those already passed will be put out of road. D does not weaken the conclusion.
E. The passage is focusing on THAT part of pollution from old cars. E does not bear on THAT part of pollution from old cars.
备注： 此题目原来不全，补充版本也有误，现在第二次补充，依据是：LSAT Test-4-Section III-8
主要是原来缺损Choice C.
C There is a thriving market for used older Untied States automobiles that are exported to regions that have no emission-control regulations.
113. The reforms to improve the quality of public education that have been initiated on the part of suppliers of public education have been insufficient. Therefore, reforms must be demanded by consumers. Parents should be given government vouchers with which to pay for their children’s education and should be allowed to choose the schools at which the vouchers will be spent. To attract students, academically underachieving schools will be forced to improve their academic offerings.
The argument assumes that
A. in selecting schools parents would tend to prefer a reasonable level of academic quality to greater sports opportunities or more convenient location.
B. improvement in the academic offerings of schools will be enforced by the discipline of the job market in which graduation students compete
C. there is a single best way to educate students
D. children are able to recognize which schools are better and would influence their parents’ decisions.
E. schools would each improve all of their academic offering and would not tend to specialize in one particular field to the exclusion of others.
答案：A
思路：本文关键是要把Parents to choose和forced to improve their academic offerings联系起来，文中强调的是只有家长选择学校才能迫使学校提高教学质量，也就是大家认为应该搭起一座桥来，即家长选择看重的是教学质量。否则，家长如果认为其他的原因比教学质量更重要的话，学校是不会提高教学质量的。
A. 符合题意。
B. 出现了he discipline of the job market新名词，与题目无关。
C. 无关。
D. 易混淆，文中没有提到children，弱支持本题，不如答案直接有力。
E. 无关。
114. The number of North American children who are obese-that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age---is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.
If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that
A. when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate
B. North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years
C. the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years
D. over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined
E. the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older
答案：C
思路： 先看选项做分析
A. 归纳太偏。
B. 文中没有提到。
C. 正确，理解思路是obese是一个比例，不是具体的数据，即15%，如果obese的人数增长，说明children的总人数增加，因此本答案正确，个人认为本题不是一个好题目，但是有可能是一个类型题目的代表，相当于a占整体的一个固定比例，b占整体的一个固定比例，a和b不一定加起来就是整体，根据a数据的变化推断b数据的变化。
D. 易混淆，出现新名词underweight，文中没有提到。
E. 无关。
115. School superintendent: It is a sad fact that, until now, entry into the academically best high school in our district has been restricted to the children of people who were wealthy enough to pay the high tuition. Parents who were previously denied the option of sending their children to this school now have the option, since I am replacing the tuition requirement with a requirement that allows only those who live in the neighborhood of the school to attend.
The superintendent’s claim about the effect of replacing the tuition requirement relies on the assumption that
A. the residents of the school’s neighborhood tent to be wealthy
B. people other than those wealthy enough to have paid the old tuition are able to live in the neighborhood of the school
C. people less wealthy than those who were able to pay the old tuition are in the majority in the district
D. there are no high schools in the district other than the one referred to by the superintendent
E. there are many people not wealthy enough to have paid the old tuition who wish to have their children attend the school
答案：B
思路： 本题中的替代办法必须顾及两点，一交不起老学费的可以来读书，而且交不起学费的应能够 live in the neighborhood of the school，如果穷人不能住在这个学校附近，这个替代是无意义的。
A. 反对文中办法。
B. 文中没有提到符合题意。
C. 太偏，文中只讨论the neighborhood of the school，are in the majority in the district并不意味着live in the neighborhood of the school。
D. 文中没有提到。
E. 易混淆，文中已经包含这个意思，不是题目要问的问题。
