1. 答案B
解析：推断题。
因果类infer，原文信息为Because of the growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had long ago been replaced by fields of grain and hay即因为人口增长，森林被农田给替代。
迷惑选项
A,C,D 原文均无提及该信息
2. 答案B,D
解析：事实信息题。
与原文信息Vast forests enabled Russia to become the world’s leading producer of iron, much of which was exported to Britain. 以及But Russia’s potential for growth was limited too, and in a few decades Russia would reach the barrier of inadequate energy that was already holding England back相符
迷惑选项
A 偷换概念，原文信息为by 1740 the British iron industry was stagnating.即英国的钢铁业已经停滞，而俄罗斯则进入become the world’s leading producer of iron
C 原文无提及该信息
3. 答案B
解析：词汇题。
abundant意为“丰富的，大量的”故选B:
plentiful 迷惑选项
A reliable 意为“可信的，可靠的”
C well-preserved意为“保存很好的，完好保存”
D existing意为“存在的，现存的”
4. 答案D
解析：修辞目的题。
该信息为例子，起支援论证的作用。服务的物件为Coal was first used in Britain in the late Middle Ages as a source of heat
迷惑选项
A,B,C原文均无提及
5. 答案A
解析：否定事实信息题。
原文无提及该信息。
迷惑选项
B,C,D对应原文信息为Both engines were extremely inefficient. Both burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump相符
6. 答案B
解析：词汇题。
gifted意为“有天赋的”故选B: talented
迷惑选项
A independent 意为“独立的”
C famous意为“著名的”
D ambitious 意为“有雄心壮志的”
7. 答案C
解析：事实信息题。
与原文信息After a series of observations, Watt saw that the New comen’s waste of energy could be reduced by adding a separate condenser.相符 迷惑选项
A 信息杂糅，原文无提及apply his understanding of physics to invent a variety of scientific instruments
C 原文无提及该信息
D 与原文想矛盾，原文信息为waste of energy could be reduced by adding a separate condenser而不是it no longer needed a separate condenser.
8. 答案C
解析：词汇题。
splendid意为“辉煌的;灿烂的”故选C:
magnificent 迷惑选项
A original 意为“原始的，最初的”
B necessary 意为“必须的，必要的”
D popular意为“流行的，受欢迎的”
9. 答案C
解析：否定事实信息题。
原文无提及该信息
迷惑选项
A,B 对应原文信息为The use of powerful, steam-driven bellows in blast furnaces helped iron makers switch over rapidly from limited charcoal to unlimited coke (which is made from coal) in the smelting of pig iron
D 对应原文信息为Cort also developed heavy-duty, steam-powered rolling mills, which were capable of producing finished iron in every shape and form.
10. 答案C
解析：修辞目的题。
该信息起支援论证的作用，服务的物件为The economic consequence of these technical innovations in steam power was a great boom in the British iron industry.
迷惑选项
A,B,D原文均无提及该信息
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