2015年9月17日
2015年9月17日
The reading appeals to the view that establishing a fund to make regular payments for forests is a plausible suggestion for it can protect environment. However, the professor refutes the three benefits mentioned in the reading.
Firstly, the reading holds that such suggestion can reduce agricultural damage by preventing farmers from using forests as farmlands for agriculture. The professor disagrees with this by suggesting that if forests are not allowed to be transformed into farmlands, food will be deficient. In order to generate more food, intensive technology will be used, thus aggravating damage to environment.
Secondly, by illustrating the fact that local governments and landlords who are not forest villagers will first receive the payment, the professor refutes the reading’s claim that the payment can improve the forest habitants’ lives.
Finally, in the reading passage, it explains that the plan can promote biodiversity. In contrast, the professor holds that biodiversity will not be improved because the payment will be used for plantation forest, man-made one, in which only trees of great commercial use will be planted. For example, in some plantation forests only tung trees and walnut trees grow.
2015年9月17日托福独立写作范文：
The past five decades have witnessed tremendous economic and technological changes in China, which leads many people tend to hold the view that the advice given by grandparents is not viable to their grandchildren. However, as far as I am concerned, grandchildren can still benefit a lot from the advice from their grandparents.
First, the advice from grandparents can guide and rectify the direction of our life. Having lived for much more years, crossing much more bridges and experiencing much more things, grandparents definitely have much more insight and foresight than the young kids. With those valuable ‘treasure’, advice received from grandparents can play a crucial role when we have to make a decision in the crossroad of life, such as whether we should take on a job which at the first sight is intractable, or whether we should give up a thing which has not had any significant consequence yet after a period of effort. What’s more, when we are in the low ebb, our grandparents’ advice can help revive our spirits; when we are in the peak of life, our grandparents’ advice can keep our feet on the ground.
Second, the advice from grandparents can teach us the principles to conduct ourselves, to put it simple, how to be a good man. I firmly uphold that no matter how enormous changes take place in the society, there is something that can stand the test of time, just like gold washed out of sand. Virtues like honesty, integrity, fidelity, kindness and tolerance are qualities we should inherit from grandparents. In addition, having gone through so many ups and downs, goods and evils in their life, our grandparents have a more incisive and thorough understanding of human nature, which can help us judging people. For example, our grandparents often warns us not to trust people who never turn up when you are in adversity, but to trust those who always stand by you whatever happens. Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends.
Admittedly, under some circumstances, advice from grandparents seems to be out of date. Taking the case of choosing majors before entering university as an example, the majors of today indeed differ a lot from those of fifty years ago. We almost could not find the vestige of majors like computer science and finance in universities fifty years ago. Also grandparents may be confused at the question of which cellphone to buy, Apple or Samsung. However, we should not take for granted that our grandparents are like a pool of stagnant water, for they can also keep pace with the times. Many of our grandparents today are as fashionable as we are.
Based on the above analysis, advice from grandparents is always worth considering for grandchildren whenever the era is, for grandparents with abundant experience and profound insight can benefit us a lot in coping with affairs and people.
写作思路：
这道题在讨论由于时代不同，祖辈的建议对于孙背是否仍然有用。持同意立场是比较好写，对此我们可以用拆分发，对题目中的名词advice进行从抽象到具体的拆分。我们常会说祖辈的经验丰富，可以教会我们很多为人处事的道理，那么我们可以把advice拆成“为人”的advice和“处事”的advice，最后一段让步论证，在一定程度上承认在某些方面祖辈意见可能无用，但段内通过论述祖辈也可以与时俱进将让步部分转折回来，坚持我们的立场。
写作指导：
disagree:
祖辈的建议对我们处事有用，参谋人生方向
祖辈的建议对我们的为人有用，个人品格养成和判断他们
让步：一定程度上承认在某些方面祖辈意见可能无用
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